PyHash API — Python 3.14.4 documentation
Description: See also the PyTypeObject.tp_hash member and Hashing of numeric types.

# PyHash API

See also the `PyTypeObject.tp_hash` member and Hashing of numeric types.

type Py_hash_t

  Hash value type: signed integer.

  Added in version 3.2.

type Py_uhash_t

  Hash value type: unsigned integer.

  Added in version 3.2.

Py_HASH_ALGORITHM

  A numerical value indicating the algorithm for hashing of `str`, `bytes`, and `memoryview`.

  The algorithm name is exposed by `sys.hash_info.algorithm`.

  Added in version 3.4.

Py_HASH_FNV
Py_HASH_SIPHASH24
Py_HASH_SIPHASH13

  Numerical values to compare to `Py_HASH_ALGORITHM` to determine which algorithm is used for hashing. The hash algorithm can be configured via the configure `--with-hash-algorithm` option.

  Added in version 3.4: Add `Py_HASH_FNV` and `Py_HASH_SIPHASH24`.

  Added in version 3.11: Add `Py_HASH_SIPHASH13`.

Py_HASH_CUTOFF

  Buffers of length in range `[1, Py_HASH_CUTOFF)` are hashed using DJBX33A instead of the algorithm described by `Py_HASH_ALGORITHM`.

  - A `Py_HASH_CUTOFF` of 0 disables the optimization.

  - `Py_HASH_CUTOFF` must be non-negative and less or equal than 7.

  32-bit platforms should use a cutoff smaller than 64-bit platforms because it is easier to create colliding strings. A cutoff of 7 on 64-bit platforms and 5 on 32-bit platforms should provide a decent safety margin.

  This corresponds to the `sys.hash_info.cutoff` constant.

  Added in version 3.4.

PyHASH_MODULUS

  The Mersenne prime `P = 2**n -1`, used for numeric hash scheme.

  This corresponds to the `sys.hash_info.modulus` constant.

  Added in version 3.13.

PyHASH_BITS

  The exponent `n` of `P` in `PyHASH_MODULUS`.

  Added in version 3.13.

PyHASH_MULTIPLIER

  Prime multiplier used in string and various other hashes.

  Added in version 3.13.

PyHASH_INF

  The hash value returned for a positive infinity.

  This corresponds to the `sys.hash_info.inf` constant.

  Added in version 3.13.

PyHASH_IMAG

  The multiplier used for the imaginary part of a complex number.

  This corresponds to the `sys.hash_info.imag` constant.

  Added in version 3.13.

type PyHash_FuncDef

  Hash function definition used by `PyHash_GetFuncDef()`.

  Py_hash_t (*const hash)(const void*, Py_ssize_t)

    Hash function.

  const char *name

    Hash function name (UTF-8 encoded string).

    This corresponds to the `sys.hash_info.algorithm` constant.

  const int hash_bits

    Internal size of the hash value in bits.

    This corresponds to the `sys.hash_info.hash_bits` constant.

  const int seed_bits

    Size of seed input in bits.

    This corresponds to the `sys.hash_info.seed_bits` constant.

  Added in version 3.4.

PyHash_FuncDef *PyHash_GetFuncDef(void)

  Get the hash function definition.

  See also

  PEP 456 “Secure and interchangeable hash algorithm”.

  Added in version 3.4.

Py_hash_t Py_HashPointer(const void *ptr)

  Hash a pointer value: process the pointer value as an integer (cast it to `uintptr_t` internally). The pointer is not dereferenced.

  The function cannot fail: it cannot return `-1`.

  Added in version 3.13.

Py_hash_t Py_HashBuffer(const void *ptr, Py_ssize_t len)

  Compute and return the hash value of a buffer of len bytes starting at address ptr. The hash is guaranteed to match that of `bytes`, `memoryview`, and other built-in objects that implement the buffer protocol.

  Use this function to implement hashing for immutable objects whose `tp_richcompare` function compares to another object’s buffer.

  len must be greater than or equal to `0`.

  This function always succeeds.

  Added in version 3.14.

Py_hash_t PyObject_GenericHash(PyObject *obj)

  Generic hashing function that is meant to be put into a type object’s `tp_hash` slot. Its result only depends on the object’s identity.

  CPython implementation detail: In CPython, it is equivalent to `Py_HashPointer()`.

  Added in version 3.13.